This article examines how treaties and colonial paperwork in Newfoundland and Labrador have long served as tools of leverage for external powers rather than protections for local communities. From imperial agreements to the Churchill Falls contract, Muskrat Falls overruns, and the cod moratorium, paperwork has repeatedly shielded higher authorities while embedding risk and dependency at the local level. Today’s wind-hydrogen projects follow the same trajectory: communities are invited into consultation but left without enforceable leverage. The result is symbolic recognition on paper, but little in the way of material empowerment.
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